Assessment of Air Pollutant Emissions from Combustion of Refined Petroleum Fuels and Their Environmental Implications
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Aswan University, Egypt.
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Abstract
Air quality deterioration cannot be dissociated from the wide-spread domestic and industrial
combustion of refined crude oil products for various uses. Nature of pollutants emitted during
combustion is however estimated, to an extent, by the composition of hydrocarbon products. Yet,
accurate measurement of emission parameters is essential to set some standard for quality
control of indoor and outdoor air. Therefore, in this study, the combustion constituents of fifteen
(15) types of fuels representing five from each of three refined products of petroleum, namely,
petrol (PMS), kerosene (DPK) and diesel (AGO) were investigated in a fabricated combustion
chamber. Emission characteristics of the fuels were measured using Air sampler E-850.
Characterization of the polluted air showed hydrocarbons, CO and NOx were the main
constituents of the emission. It appears that only the combustion of AGO is environmentally
sustainable based on standard set by the Federal Ministry of Environment of Nigeria for emission
from stationary sources. Corresponding emission factors were obtained for PMS, DPK and AGO
Description
The economic and environmental consequences of fossil fuel combustion; particularly
gasoline, kerosene, and diesel have been extensively documented. These fuels remain key sources
of energy for domestic, industrial, and power-generation purposes. Chemically, they consist
mainly of carbon and hydrogen, producing carbon dioxide and water as primary combustion
products. However, incomplete combustion generates additional pollutants such as carbon
monoxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter, which degrade
ambient air quality and contribute to climate change and adverse health outcomes. According to
[1] the key criteria air pollutants generated during combustion include particulate matter of
different sizes (PM₁₀, PM₂.₅), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), sulfur
dioxide (SO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH₃), and ozone. In Nigeria, fuel combustion
exhausts are a major contributor to elevated ground-level ozone concentrations [2]
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Citation
Jeje, I., Muhibbudin, I. E., Oyehan, I. A., & Sonibare, J. A. (2026). Assessment of Air Pollutant Emissions from Combustion of Refined Petroleum Fuels and Their Environmental Implications. Aswan University Journal of Sciences and Technology, 6 (1), 189-197.