Energy Harvesting Aware Nano-Backup Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Nano Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless communication between nanoscale devices in the terahertz band is receiving a lot of attention recently. Wireless Nano sensor networks are becoming a feasible means for medical monitoring application. Due to the critical nature of this application, the transmission of sensed data from the body to the Nano controller is crucial where there is no tolerant for data loss. With a view of conserving energy and extending network lifetime, a cluster-based algorithm has been proposed. However, the performance of clustering algorithms is limited by poor cluster formation and failure of nano-cluster head. As a result, some nano-nodes die faster that shorten overall network lifetime and reduce data reliability. In this paper, a nano backup cluster head scheme based on concentric layer architecture model is proposed to increase the network lifetime and reliability. The cluster formation model ensures nodes are distributed fairly at each layer to avoid inefficient clustering. The backup clustering algorithm addresses the problem of nano-cluster head failures in order to avoid interruption in data transmission. Performance of the proposed protocol was benchmarked against Energy-balanced Clustering routing protocol. Simulation results showed that the proposed protocol is effective in prolonging the network lifetime compared to the Energy-balanced Clustering routing protocol.