Solvents Fractions of Methanol Leaves Extracts of Adansonia digitata and Corchorus olitorius in Gamma-irradiation-induced Nf-kB, Nrf-2 and antioxidant alterations in Rats

Abstract

Rats’ exposure to radiation causes increased free radical level from sub-toxic (24 µg/mol) to a toxic concentration (120 µg/mol) in the system of rats. Free radical level above 120 µg/mol, leads to dysregulated nuclear factor kappa-B (Nf-kB) and nuclear related factor-2 (Nrf-2), thus exacerbating oxidative stress and cellular alterations in rats. This study investigated the effects of solvents (n-hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol) fractions of Adansonia digitata and Corchorus olitorius leaves in radiation-induced Nf-kB, Nrf-2 and antioxidant system alterations in Cellular System of Rats. A total of 48 rats (198 ± 5.00g) were distributed into 8 groups of 6 each. Group I were fed with rat chow and distilled water only, all other groups were exposed to a single dose of 6 grey gamma irradiation, such that groups II, III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII were administered distilled water, n hexane fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius, ethylacetate fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius n-butanol fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius at 1000 mg/kg body weight respectively for 7 days, While group IX received 2 mg/kg bwt of Vitamin-C. Secondary metabolites constituents of A. digitata and C. olitorius revealed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenol, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. Irradiation significantly (p<0.05) increased the level of Nf-kB, activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and significantly (p<0.05) reduced the level of Nrf-2 and activities of antioxidant enzymes capacity. Administration of solvents fractions at 1000 mg/kg bwt significantly (p<0.05) reduced Nf-kB level, activities of ALP, ALT and significantly (p<0.05) increased Nrf-2 level and antioxidant capacity of rats in all the treated groups, such that, n-butanol fraction is the most effective when compared with the negative control. We can therefore concludes that n-butanol fractions of A. digitata and C. olitorius, might contain the most active bioactive constituents that is responsible for the attenuations of all the alterations