Serological Evidence of Contagious Bovine Pleuro-Pneumonia antibodies in trade cattle (Bos Indicus) sold in Kwara state-Nigeria

Abstract

A serological survey for the detection of antibodies to Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colonies (MmmSC) in trade cattle was conducted in four (4) cattle markets (Ilesha baruba, Ilorin, Bode Sadu, Ajasse Ipo) in four local government areas in Kwara State. This was to ascertain the prevalence of Contagious Bovine Pleuro-Pneumonia in trade cattle. Out of 169 cattle sera screened for mycoplasma antibodies 18 (10.65%) were positive to serum competitive ELISA (CIRAD) version: P05410/02 antibody detection kit. Ilesha baruba (Baruten LGA) recorded the highest prevalence of 9 (50%). Others indicated 6 (33.3%) in Ilorin (Ilorin East), 2 (11.1%) Bode Sadu (Moro LGA), and 1 (5.6%) in Ajasse (Irepodun LGA) respectively. Based on breed susceptibility, white Fulani breed of cattle showed 13 (72.2%), Sokoto Gudali 3 (16.7%), and 2 (11.1%) red Bororo. Based on sex susceptibility, 12 (66.7%) cows and 6 (33.3%) bulls were reactors. Age distribution, indicated young cattle 8 (44.4%) and Adult 10 (55.6%) were also affected. Although percentage proportional distribution of Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia carriers showed white Fulani, adult cows had more association with the disease. The occurrence thus confirms susceptibility of all sex, ages and some breed of cattle. In conclusion, this finding provides preliminary information on the prevalence and endemicity of the disease amongst trade cattle in the study area. Hence, suggesting Contagious Bovine Pleuro-Pneumonia could be an emerging trans-animal border disease. It is recommended that continuous surveillance and quarantine of cattle within herds and inter-state as well as national border control should be practiced. Re enforcement of eradication strategy through compulsory annual vaccinations is also advocated